Process of testing and correcting free-hand drawing



(No Model.)

C A. K. CROSS. PROCESS OF TESTING AND CORRECTING FREE HAND DR AWING.

Patented Feb. 7, 1893.

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, Pnovau'mu, WASHINGTON u UNTTED STATEs .aTnNsT Trice.

ANSON K. CROSS, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

PROCESS OF TESTING AND CORRECTING FREE-HAND DRAWING.

' SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 491,160, datedFebruary '7, 1893,

7 Application filed April 19 1892. Serial No. 429,730- (No specimens) Toall whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANSON K. ORoss, a citizen of the United States,residing at Boston, in the county of Suifolk and State of Massachusetts,have invented a certain new and usefulImproved Process for Testing andCorrecting Free-Hand Drawings; and I do hereby declare the following tobe a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same.

The invention relates to the art of free hand drawing and has for itsobject to pro- Vide a practicable method of making such drawings andtesting or proving their correctness; and it consists in the improvementin the art of teaching free hand drawing hereinafter described andparticularly pointed out.

In the accompanying drawings: Figurel is a front elevation of a piece ofclear glass mounted in a frame having brackets for its support and agroove containing the pencil; Fig. 2 is a side View; Fig. 3 is asectional plan of said device; Fig. 4 represent the device inperspective as when adjustably mounted at one side upon a verticalspindle rising from a base plate; Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of thetriple clamp whereby the frame may be adj ustably mounted upon anupright spindle.

The glass A I place in a frame B, similar to that of a common slate.This frame may have brackets O for supporting it in an upright positionon a desk. A groove D is also provided in one side of the frame to holdthe pencil or crayon X, which may be inserted in wood or used in theform of a crayon. Metallic arms at may be employed to retain the crayonor pencil X in its groove D. A groove E is provided in the frameadjacent to the,

back of the glass either in two opposite sides or in both of the sidesand ends, for'holding a piece of paper so that the student sees thepaper through the glass. The style of support shown in Fig. 4 will alsobe found convenient. This consists of a suitable base plate F, in whichis mounted the upright spindle G, carrying the slide H, which isperforated at right angles with the spindle G, for the reception of astud 1, formed upon the yoke plate i, fitted upon oneside of the frameB, and secured thereto by screws or rivets as in Figs. 4 and 5. The studI is screw threaded a portion of its length and is fitted with a thumbnut J. The portion of the slide H which is perforated is sawed open atone side into the perforation or opening for the spindle G, whichenables the frame B to be adjusted and secured at any desired angle withthe spindle G by tightening the nut J, which at the same time securesthe slide H at the desired elevation upon the spindle G. g

The transparent slate may be made of any substantially clear material,as celluloid, or glass through which objects may be seen sharply evenata great distance. On account of its superior transparency and itsdurable surface clear glass is the best material on which to make thedrawing.

The pencil may be made in various ways and of different material. Iprefer however, to make the pencil of a soapy, or greasy material, hardenough to be used as lead in an ordinary pencil and containingcoloringmatter so that the mark upon the glass may be readily seen.

The transparent slate may be used in several ways:- I v First,thedrawing maybe made upon the slate as upon paper; the slate beingrendered non-transparent by means of a sheet of paper held in thegrooves provided for this purpose. This drawing should be made by eyealone, the student putting down what he thinks he sees. The drawinghaving been made he may test it by removing the paper at the back of theslate and holding the slate up in front of the object and at practicallyright angles to the line of vision when if the drawing is correct itslines will coincide with those of the object; if incorrect thedifferencebetween the drawing and the appearance of the object can be noted andthe student try again.

Secondly,the drawing may be made upon the regular drawing paper and whenthe student thinks it is correct he may place the slate over the drawingand trace it upon the slate and compare it with the actual appearance ofthe object by holding it in front of the latter as in the first case.

Having thus described my invention wha I claim and desire to secure byLetters-Patent is:

1. In the art of teaching free hand drawing the improvement whichconsists in making a drawing upon a transparent slate, then holding theslate between the object and the eye in a position substantiallyperpendicular to the line of vision and moving said slate back and forthuntil, to the eye, the drawing Will, as nearly as practicable, cover theobject, whereby the inaccuracies of the drawing may be discovered,substantially as set forth.

2. In the art of teaching free hand drawing the improvement whichconsists in placing an opaque sheet or object behind a transparentslate, making a drawing upon said transparent slate, then holding theslate separated from the opaque sheet between the object to ANSON K.CROSS. Witnesses:

O. M. SHAW, KATHARINE DURFEE.

